MORE TUNGSTEN INFORMATION

Atomic Structure
Atomic Radius: 2.02Å
Atomic Volume: 9.53cm3/mol
Covalent Radius: 1.3Å
Cross Section: 18.5barns ±0.5
Crystal Structure: Body centered cube

Electron Configuration:
1s2 2s2p6 3s2p6d10 4s2p6d10f14 5s2p6d4 6s2
Electrons per Energy Level: 2,8,18,32,12,2

Ionic Radius: 0.62Å
Filling Orbital: 5d4
Number of Electrons (with no charge): 74
Number of Neutrons (most common/stable nuclide): 110
Number of Protons: 74
Oxidation States: 6,5,4,3,2
Valance Electrons: 5d4 6s2

Chemical Properties
Electrochemical Equivalent: 1.1432g/amp-hr
Electron Work Function: 4.55eV
Electronegativity (Pauling): 2.36
Heat of Fusion: 35.4kJ/mol
Incompatiblities:
Bromine trifluoride, chlorine trifluoride, fluorine, iodine pentafluoride
Ionization Potential
First: 7.98
Valance Electron Potential (-eV): 140

Physical Properties
Atomic Mass Average: 183.85
Boiling Point: 5928K 5655°C 10211°F
Coefficient of lineal thermal expansion:
0.0000046cm/cm/°C (0°C)
Conductivity
Electrical: 0.189 106/cm
Thermal: 1.74 W/cmK
Density: 19.35g/cc @ 300K
Elastic Modulus:
Bulk: 310/GPa
Rigidity: 161/GPa
Youngs: 411/GPa

Enthalpy of Atomization: 837 kJ/mole @ 25°C
Enthalpy of Fusion: 35.23 kJ/mole
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 799.1 kJ/mole
Flammablity Class: Combustible
Freezing Point: 3680K 3407°C 6165°F

Hardness Scale
Brinell: 2570 MN m-2
Mohs: 7.5
Vickers: 3430 MN m-2

Heat of Vaporization: 824kJ/mol
Melting Point: 3680K 3407°C 6165°F

Molar Volume: 9.5 cm3/mole
Optical Reflectivity: 62%
Physical State (at 20°C & 1atm): Solid
Specific Heat: 0.13J/gK
Vapor Pressure = 4.27Pa@3407°C
Regulatory / Health
CAS Number
7440-33-7

RTECS: Y07175000

OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)
No limits set by OSHA
OSHA PEL Vacated 1989
TWA: 5 mg/m3
STEL: 10 mg/m3

NIOSH Recommended Exposure Limit (REL)
TWA: 5 mg/m3
STEL: 10 mg/m3

Routes of Exposure: Inhalation; Ingestion; Skin and/or eye contact

Target Organs: Eyes, skin, respiratory system, blood

Book: Tungsten - The Story of an Indispensable Metal